I can’t say that I anticipated just the wholesale closure of every mine safety office in eastern Kentucky,” he said.

To meet the growing demand for coal in the early 20th century, West Virginia companies needed more miners. African Americans mixed with European immigrants and native Appalachians in the mines and ...

Because surface coal mining dominates the Central Appalachian landscape, such altered production patterns are likely a common landscape feature impacting regional food webs. Allan, J. D. 2004.